Steel structures / | Construction of prefabricated buildings of the metal frame and sandwich panels |
The increase in the growth rate of construction contributes to the emergence of new materials and technologies that can significantly reduce the level of costs and timing of construction of various types of buildings, while ensuring the high quality of construction. The most widely used at present have received pre-fabricated buildings on the basis of a strong frame and light frame structures. Their active use can quickly construct buildings of various shapes, sizes and number of storeys. On durability of such buildings are comparable with buildings made of traditional materials (brick, concrete), and their use can reduce the cost of design, installation, dismantling and subsequent operation of up to 40%.
The types of prefabricated buildings
Depending on the application, pre-fabricated constructions are divided into industrial buildings and public facilities. Depending on the technology, among them are several types:
- prefabricated buildings constructed on the basis of the metal frame and sandwich panels;
- Building on the basis of wooden frame and wooden panels;
- prefabricated buildings with a lightweight frame, two-sided cladding and internal insulation, assembled at the construction site;
- modular buildings with metal or wooden frame (the building is going through modules or block container).
Today, the most popular are the design based on a metal frame and light sandwich panels, as they allow for only a few weeks to erect buildings of all shapes and sizes with the possibility of add-ins and rewiring . Compared with them, on the basis of the design of the wooden frame they are cheaper, however, they can not be used for each building and are used mainly in private construction.
Scope of prefabricated buildings is very wide: it is not only manufacturing and industrial facilities, but also retail, office and administrative buildings, warehouses, garages, dormitories, sports and entertainment complexes, private houses and more. Prefabricated structures can be used almost anywhere, except when they need to have higher insulating properties (for example, bank vaults and facilities for nuclear reactors) or in mass housing construction.
Construction of frame-panel buildings
The main structural elements are prefabricated buildings bearing and protecting designs.
The frame of the building
The main carrier element of prefabricated buildings is a rectangular frame made of high-strength metal or wooden profiles. The frame has a vertical posts and horizontal girders for mounting external and internal cladding, for the installation of windows, doors and interior partitions. The metal part of the frame is usually handled by anticorrosion coating and wood - flame retardant.
Metal frame can be both standard and made on the basis of thin-walled profile. The advantages of thin-walled metal frame are as long service life and low load on the foundation, which is responsible for high-speed assembly and a relatively low price. The frame made of light metal structures is easily assembled and disassembled at what it does not require additional equipment or workers. When mounting design eliminates welding, which speeds up the assembly and increases the quality of construction.
Walling
Protecting designs, which include walls, roofs, floors, doors, etc., serve to limit the building and are divided into external and internal. The outer design protects the building from various climatic factors, while the internal structure designed for separating the internal space of the building. Depending on the material, there are two types of walling: prefabricated and sandwich - panels.
The assembly (single-sheet assembly) is performed in place on the final frame. The frame is sheathed with wooden girders outside the trapezoidal sheet, and then the cells formed purlin, insulation laid in one or more layers. Next frame is covered with steam insulating material (film) is sheathed with boards and then the inner lining, which is chosen depending on customer requirements. Advantages of sheet assemblage are as low price, continuity of insulation, and the shortcomings - in the complexity of the assembly.
Easy walling - sandwich panels
walling sandwich panels consist of two facing profiled sheets, between which is placed a layer of thermal insulation. They can be of different lengths and widths, depending on the size of the frame, as well as painted in any color on request. Sandwich panels - a unique, practical and relatively inexpensive material, which enjoys great popularity in the construction of prefabricated buildings of modern commercial and industrial purposes. From other materials they are distinguished by a number of advantages. First of all, they can significantly reduce the timing of the installation and renovation of buildings, as well as reduce the cost of capital construction. In addition, the sandwich panels have high thermal insulation and fire resistance, resistance to unfavorable external environment and ecology. This material meets all health standards, and the inner surface of the polymer coating can be subjected to repeated cleaning, which allows us to use it in the food industry.
As the cladding sandwich panels used profiled thin galvanized sheets with a protective polymer coating. The inner layer panels may be made of polyurethane, polystyrene or mineral wool. About 95% of sandwich panels produced worldwide, is used as the polyurethane foam filler. In many respects it is superior to all other materials, other than flammability. The most widely used panels of mineral wool, because this material is classified as non-combustible and complies with fire regulations. Furthermore, virtually no mineral wool panels absorb water, but thermal conductivity are somewhat inferior to other excipients. Polystyrene panel 1.5-2 times lighter than mineral (for the same thickness), have better insulation properties, but their level of fire resistance is much lower. Styrofoam - a unique material, which is almost does not conduct heat, so that it is most widely used in the construction of refrigeration and freezing equipment.
The choice of walling depends on the characteristics of thermal insulation of prefabricated buildings: resistance to heat in winter, and heat-resistance in the summer. The most common walling to « warm » buildings - sandwich panels and sheet assemblage, and for « cold » - Profiled steel sheet.
Prefabricated building prefabricated and capital construction
Compared with conventional capital, prefabricated buildings have many advantages. First of all, it is worth noting the construction of cheaper due to reduction of transportation costs, construction time, saving on construction equipment and the foundation (as opposed to standard, pre-fabricated construction does not require a deep foundation, or using special construction materials). This ensures a fast return on investment.
Prefabricated buildings also features the ease and speed of installation, ease of fitting under the climatic conditions. This means that the assembly can be made in almost any weather conditions with any climate.
Prefabricated buildings are easy to transport and do not require special conditions of loading and unloading. Furthermore, they possess high strength, high resistance and acoustic and thermal insulation characteristics. Prefabricated buildings have an attractive appearance and does not require additional finishing.
The technology of rapid construction of various buildings of lightweight panels with modern decoration and thermal insulation materials are increasingly in demand in the construction market. Among domestic manufacturers of prefabricated houses one of the leading positions are occupied by industrial company « West », which produces high-quality materials and components, as well as offering standard designs of prefabricated buildings and construction of sets of buildings for individual orders.
Model Series (projects) prefabricated buildings
Significantly accelerate and facilitate the design and construction of structures allowing the purchase of a model project of the building of the LMC and sandwich panels. Complete pre-fabricated buildings can be used for warehouse, manufacturing, agricultural, sports facilities, offices, and more. Industrial company « West » It provides a typical construction of its own production, as well as design and manufacture complete sets of buildings for individual orders.
Complete the building a typical layout is a complete business solution. Its acquisition significantly reduces the time and cost of construction due to lack of stage design, short delivery times and a complete set of ready-made elements. In addition, when purchasing a typical customer has set a very clear vision of the future structure, as is the opportunity to see already implemented projects.
As a rule, typical projects are focused on a particular area of business. Most commonly they are used for the construction of shops, trading pavilions, markets, hotels, service stations and gas stations, cafes, etc. Finished projects can be completed with all the necessary, up to furniture and air conditioners. As a rule, the construction of these buildings being " turn-key ".
A typical building project implies the possibility of adaptation to the customer. May vary such parameters as the size of the building, the type and thickness of insulation sandwich panels, the color, the presence of zinc-coated or galvanized and color coated, etc.
There are many solutions of standard designs of buildings for commercial halls, markets, warehouses of different categories, shops, gas stations, car washes, etc. Examples of typical projects of buildings from LMC may make a series of buildings in Tula Tula 6 and 9 of the manufacturing plant of metal constructions Vesta. Complete buildings include a metal frame, high strength bolts for the assembly of sandwich panels with plates of galvanized steel and polymer-coated screws for fastening sandwich panels, doors (including high-quality automatic and fire doors and doors of own production), as well as additional elements. Designs are optimized based on years of experience building maintenance, ensuring optimal performance while reducing material consumption and eliminates errors during construction.
Construction of buildings typical series Tula Tula 6 and 9, characterized by the absence of welds, the possibility of multiple subsequent dismantling, transportation and installation of the new location. The dimensions of structural elements are optimized for the transportation of any kind of transport.
Typical Complete the building Tula Tula 6 and 9 have a high degree of functionality, because they have the ability to easily adapt to the needs of clients with high quality, reliability and meet all technical standards.
Buying Complete the building, you become the owner of a universal solution that can enhance the development of your business!