Paints and varnishes / | Facade colors: requirements and classification |
Facade work – GETTING STARTED painting facades?
From all sides of modern man is surrounded by houses and buildings with different types of fronts . The appearance of facade materials, metal, plastic, glass, composite materials and so on. Is not able to displace these proven ways to finish as painting and plaster.
Traditional methods are needed primarily for the reconstruction of historical buildings, where they can not be replaced by any trendy facing materials.
At least they are widely applied for new construction, as one of the most economical ways facade. Of course, the use of paints and plasters in new construction due not only to economic needs, but also great opportunities for « play » with color and texture that provide architects such coverage.
The main difficulties in the restoration, decorative trim, repairs, insulation of facades of buildings and structures arise from the lack of information and lack of experience in the application of facade systems, starting from the design stage.
Protective and decorative coatings must perform the following tasks:
- protection against adverse external influences, such as rain, frost, wind, UV radiation, industrial pollution, etc. bioporazhenie
- the solution of environmental problems; for example, the comfort inside the house
- line-art aesthetic and architectural requirements
High-quality facade materials have the following essential characteristics:
- protect the wall surface from the rain, while not impeding the exit of water vapor to the outside, allowing the wide use them for thermal insulation systems;
- have high adhesion to the substrate;
- resistant to wet abrasion;
- have a low gryazeuderzhanie;
- resistant to alkali base, UV, to aggressive media.
The main groups facade waterborne materials:
- Acrylic paints, primers, decorative plasters and fillings.
- Silicate paints, primers, plasters.
- Silicone paints, primers, plasters.
RECOMMENDATION consumers to choose exterior paint
The world of colors is complex and diverse as any the world.
Colours can be classified on the composition, properties, application areas, colors and so on. Producers of this high-quality paint are interested in a professional assessment of its application and its properties in terms of the security and long-term coverage for the treatment of various surfaces, especially the fronts of buildings, as with all good and bad quality of the coating are particularly bright.
What are the exterior paint we, the majority of consumers? Anointed, I watched the color loss.
In fact:
Exterior paint should be resistant to UV rays. This is understandable, because the paint under the influence of the sun is slowly destroyed. In Europe, it is assumed that this destruction by UV permitted no earlier than 10 years.
Domestic bond is destroyed at a rate of 30% per year tie.
Even if the producer added to paint all of the required components, the paint comes into disrepair after a maximum of 3 years (price of facade paint with an average of 26-32 p/kg).
It turns out, the exterior paint must be vapor permeable , as all our walls are made of brick and concrete « breathe » and in the absence of water vapor permeability, we are seeing a slide of paint layers (stocking).
Most often this occurs in wet areas where the walls and ceilings are painted with oil paint.
paint should maintain sufficient flexibility after drying , because of temperature changes, shrinkage on the surfaces of our facade, there is a microstrain, which must not lead to the destruction of the film.
The paint must be resistant to alkaline and acidic effects , as the rainfall we have no means neutral air with the exhaust gases also produces the destruction of acting on the paint cover.
In Europe, all of these parameters are testing paint.
Unfortunately, our paints are often implicated paddle in a barrel, these tests do not pass.
Example: is a very important parameter index cracking paint film depending on its thickness. Under the test paint is applied in a layer 0.05 to 1 mm. Since inks used purely vehicle alone larger than 0.05 mm, it is clear that such a layer size is not possible. Get the maximum size of the wedge is also impossible, since the liquid viscosity similar to water apply a layer of 1 mm is problematic because of its spreadability. Nothing can put 5 layers!
THE BOTTOM LINE: When applying high-quality paint thickness of 0.5 mm, the coating is destroyed after 20 years. Applying paint layer is 10 times more coatings will breakdown in 6-8 months.
For example, to paint 3 driveway 9-storey building should be 1 ton German paint or 2 tons.
So, even at the cost of imported paint twice, the cost of processing the surface of 1 square. m will cost the same for a large difference in the quality of the result, not to mention the price of re-repainting facades in the application of the paint at least two years.
Therefore, selecting only high-quality product, do not consider the cost of 1 kg of paint and the cost of maintenance services 1 square. meter of the surface.
In order to maximize the potential to reveal the facade, it is necessary to conduct a complex dokrasochnyh events.
One of the main objectives of these measures to minimize the penetration of moisture into the walls. To do this, you must arrange for waterproofing basements, to arrange a quality drainage, as well as to verify and, if necessary, repair, waterproofing between the base and the wall structure to prevent the rise of the groundwater.
If you want, it is necessary to repair cornices, flashings, drainage system, etc. Without all of these events means for finishing facades, are likely to be spent inefficiently.
How to start Painting work and decoration of facades?
The characteristics of the substrate (base). defines the degree of its deformation, the strength of the surface layer, the degree of absorption, the absorption capacity, the pH, the presence of soluble salts, et al. A colorful coating must have the necessary flexibility to take hydrothermal defect free expansion and contraction of the base.
Estimated total amount of water , entering the wall structure from all possible sources. Paint coating should have sufficient vapor permeability to moisture entering the wall is free to evaporate.
It turns out the biological activity of the base to define the desired fungicidal (antifungal), bactericide, algicidal (protivovodoroslevyh) properties of the coating.
Defined permeability cover . For calcareous base coating must be permeable to C02 (not to impede the flow of carbonation reaction), and the reinforced concrete base must be protected against both C02 from one of the causes of corrosion.
Produced account climatic conditions and the condition of the air basin, the degree of contamination of the atmosphere.
For refinishing determined the compatibility of the new material so that the facade was decorated before.
Calculate the cost per square meter coating , depending on the choice of material.
In the case where the surface is covered with grinding composition, there is no sense to paint her without strengthening the deep-soil.
First of all, you need to choose the right paint for a particular surface, carefully review the recommendations for use, calculate the approximate amount of paint on the entire area, based on the rate of two coats of paint, the type of surface , its roughness and choose the right tool for the application (brush, roller, spray gun, etc.).
paint facades need for suitable weather conditions: air temperature not below + 5 & deg; C, not paint in the rain or in wet weather (when the humidity is above 75%), with strong winds and the sun.
diluted, if necessary, water paints with water, but not more than 10%. Tinted paint and final layer is desirable not to be diluted.
The choice of paint depends on the requirements that apply to the coverage and the particular type of substrate is also important parameter is « price-performance ».
The appearance and durability of the coating is 60% dependent on surface preparation and 40% of the paint itself, on the correct handling it and on its quality.
What are FACADE water-based paint?
Mineral colors. Mineral colors are used, usually for mineral surfaces (eg, mineral plasters) or surfaces previously coated with these same materials. These products consist of cement from cement paints, lime milk from the lime paints and alkali-resistant inorganic pigments.
The main advantage of waterborne paints is that the link included in their composition, are dispersed in the form of tiny particles in water, not dissolved in the more expensive, toxic or flammable organic solvents. The composition of such a paint film-former in addition (synthetic resin) with various fillers and pigments also include a variety of special additives emulsifiers that promote the formation of ink droplets in water, dispersion stabilizers, thickeners, antifoams, preservatives, and more. They are characterized by: hydrophobicity (water-repellent effect), elasticity, good mechanical strength. Unconditional advantages of these paints ecological purity, high technological parameters and water as a diluent. They have virtually no odor, easy to apply by brush, roller or spray gun. The best in terms of performance properties, are considered water-dispersion paints based on acrylate. Abroad, the share of this type of paint up to 90% of all manufactured materials.
Silicate facade - this one-component dispersion paints based on liquid potash glass, containing organic additives improve. They have the greatest breathability. Silicate paints are delivered in finished form.
Silicone paints . Silikonoemulsionnye paints combine the best properties of acrylic paints and silicate: water vapor permeability they are almost as high as that of the silicate, consequently, they are also suitable for buildings with a bad waterproofing foundations, and besides, they do not support the growth of microorganisms. The binder in these materials is silicone silicone resin. Dilute with water. After drying the surface it looks like a natural material. The paint forms a waterproof film, the structure of the film has the ability to cleanse the so-called lotus effect. They are compatible with both mineral and acrylate paints allow repainting of old silicate paints.
And another artist paints modified materials . They represent an improved version of acrylic systems, which are added in the silicone resin or siloxane (an intermediate in the manufacture of silicone resins). Siloksanmodifitsirovannye or silicone coatings have good adhesion, better carbon dioxide is passed to repel water and to provide protection from UV radiation, have greater flexibility, and hence durability. They can be applied on virtually all existing construction practice mineral substrate.