| Electrical / | Wiring: covert and overt |
Hidden wiring
Most private homes and almost all apartments wiring hidden. When installing concealed wiring in plaster walls and ceilings punched shallow grooves into which fit the electrical wires. After completing wiring be plastered with cement groove or alabaster solution. If the installation of hidden wiring done in newly built house, the need for punching grooves disappears. First the installation of wiring, wires are fixed with nails hammered into the mortar between bricks or primazyvaniem their alabaster wall at several points, then made plastering walls and ceilings, and the wires are under a layer of plaster.
Where the wires connect splitter boxes are installed in that hide all the twisted wires. Junction boxes should be set at the level of the surface of the wall, flush with it. Closed box for safety reasons and aesthetic plastic covers. For installation of sockets and switches use the same splitter boxes. They are made of steel or plastic. Outlets and switches applied during installation also performed for hidden wiring. Once installed, they practically do not protrude above the surface of the walls.For installation flush using copper and aluminum wire in PVC insulation Copper - a section of not less than 1 mm2, Aluminum - not less than 2.5 mm2. The apartments flush mounting is carried out in channels, pre-made concrete in the walls and ceilings. So living in the apartments to be very careful for various switching of electrical wires and replace the switch and outlets. To replace or even to grow electrically, you inadvertently bummer have to shoot down tile, you may recently have put, or to place wiring you do not get.
Open wiring
Open wiring is on the surface of walls and ceilings. For its installation using copper or aluminum wire with rubber insulation, coated with PVC. You can also apply for the installation of copper and aluminum wire insulated with a polyvinyl chloride, but only if the wire separating the base, separating the single strand wire from another. Electrical wires are fixed open wiring on the walls and ceiling with rolls made of insulating material - porcelain. Each clip has a hole axis, through which is passed nail, securing the clip to the assembly in the wires to the wall.
smallest section of wire used for the installation of open wiring: copper - 1 mm2, aluminum - 2.5 mm2. Wires when installing the horizontal section posting on the wall lay parallel to the lines of intersection of the walls and ceiling at a distance of not less than 100 mm and not more than 200 mm from the ceiling or eave. The vertical part of the wiring (slopes, lifts) performed perpendicular to the plane of the ceiling. Around doors and windows are paving the wire at a distance of 100 mm from the edge of the door or window frame. Rollers for fixing wires arranged at a distance of 50 cm from one another.
switches and sockets in the open wiring attached not directly to the surface of the wall, and on the special insulating lining made of dry wood and called Enclosures. Escutcheon attached to the wall a long screw, and to it already with the help of two small screws fastened the switch or outlet. Sami switches and sockets for open wiring different from intended for concealed wiring, and in appearance, and in a manner fixed to the wall, since due to the nature of installation are not located in the wall, and on its surface. In the basement of the house because of hazardous conditions (wet, conductive flooring and walls) switch can not be set, it is set on the kitchen wall. Now open wiring in homes is rare, but it depends where. In the house with wood walls of the other wiring to do is simply impossible.
Most private homes and almost all apartments wiring hidden. When installing concealed wiring in plaster walls and ceilings punched shallow grooves into which fit the electrical wires. After completing wiring be plastered with cement groove or alabaster solution. If the installation of hidden wiring done in newly built house, the need for punching grooves disappears. First the installation of wiring, wires are fixed with nails hammered into the mortar between bricks or primazyvaniem their alabaster wall at several points, then made plastering walls and ceilings, and the wires are under a layer of plaster.
Where the wires connect splitter boxes are installed in that hide all the twisted wires. Junction boxes should be set at the level of the surface of the wall, flush with it. Closed box for safety reasons and aesthetic plastic covers. For installation of sockets and switches use the same splitter boxes. They are made of steel or plastic. Outlets and switches applied during installation also performed for hidden wiring. Once installed, they practically do not protrude above the surface of the walls.For installation flush using copper and aluminum wire in PVC insulation Copper - a section of not less than 1 mm2, Aluminum - not less than 2.5 mm2. The apartments flush mounting is carried out in channels, pre-made concrete in the walls and ceilings. So living in the apartments to be very careful for various switching of electrical wires and replace the switch and outlets. To replace or even to grow electrically, you inadvertently bummer have to shoot down tile, you may recently have put, or to place wiring you do not get.
Open wiring
Open wiring is on the surface of walls and ceilings. For its installation using copper or aluminum wire with rubber insulation, coated with PVC. You can also apply for the installation of copper and aluminum wire insulated with a polyvinyl chloride, but only if the wire separating the base, separating the single strand wire from another. Electrical wires are fixed open wiring on the walls and ceiling with rolls made of insulating material - porcelain. Each clip has a hole axis, through which is passed nail, securing the clip to the assembly in the wires to the wall.
smallest section of wire used for the installation of open wiring: copper - 1 mm2, aluminum - 2.5 mm2. Wires when installing the horizontal section posting on the wall lay parallel to the lines of intersection of the walls and ceiling at a distance of not less than 100 mm and not more than 200 mm from the ceiling or eave. The vertical part of the wiring (slopes, lifts) performed perpendicular to the plane of the ceiling. Around doors and windows are paving the wire at a distance of 100 mm from the edge of the door or window frame. Rollers for fixing wires arranged at a distance of 50 cm from one another.
switches and sockets in the open wiring attached not directly to the surface of the wall, and on the special insulating lining made of dry wood and called Enclosures. Escutcheon attached to the wall a long screw, and to it already with the help of two small screws fastened the switch or outlet. Sami switches and sockets for open wiring different from intended for concealed wiring, and in appearance, and in a manner fixed to the wall, since due to the nature of installation are not located in the wall, and on its surface. In the basement of the house because of hazardous conditions (wet, conductive flooring and walls) switch can not be set, it is set on the kitchen wall. Now open wiring in homes is rare, but it depends where. In the house with wood walls of the other wiring to do is simply impossible.